Ad valorem equivalents of nontariff measures in asean. These studies point to the importance of non tariff barriers in impeding trade among asean countries. Cge implementation of policybased price comparisons abstract. Nontariff barriers, integration and export growth in asean. Database, which is part of the global database on nontariff measures. The nextlargest contributors were transportationrelated products 9. The creation of the asean free trade area afta was agreed at the 1992 asean summit in singapore.
It also includes all conformity assessment measures related to food safety, such as certification, testing and inspection and. The work is a collaboration among eria, united nations conference on trade and development unctad, asean national teams, and government officials. The analysis of ntms in this chapter is based on raw 2018 data on asean ntms from the forthcoming eriaunctad ntm database. There have been many attempts to develop trade cost measures. Quantitative methods for assessing the effects of non. Modelling heterogeneous firms and nontariff measures in free. Though ntms are found to be diverse and intense for specific bilateral pairs, there is no empirical evidence of adverse impacts of ntms on intraasean exports. These viewpoints are especially important for modern free trade agreements ftas analysis where impacts depend largely upon changes in non tariff measures ntms affecting trade cost. Modelling heterogeneous firms and nontariff measures in. Bangkok, september 2019 the economic research institute for asean and east asia eria handedover the nontariff measures.
But there are still a number of socalled nontariff barriers to trade and investment, and these are frustrating business people and. Nontariff barriers obviously cause frustration for business in the various sectors, and thats one side of it. Lili yan ing, the asean nontariff measures ntms project leader, will share new data and report on nontariff measures in asean. This coding system classified tariffs, paratariffs and nontariff measures ntms into over 100 subcategories. We also encourage economies to address relevant measures including nontariff measures and nontariff barriers. Nontariff measures in asean asian development bank. The most widely used database, gtap, currently offers 57 sectors and. Following a joint project to collect, validate, and store data on nontariff measures ntms, unctad and the economic research institute for asean and east asia have launch a website that provides information on ntms for the ten asean countries. Nontariff barriers still impeding asean integration cctv. Review of intraasean nontariff measures on trade in goods. Streamlining non tariff measures by allowing amss to discuss them before adoption.
To measure ad valorem tariff equivalents aves of non tariff measures ntms, we propose a new alternative that relies on the estimation of bilateral trade flows on twoway panels at the hs 2digit level with importer, exporter, and product fixed effects and interaction terms between ntm variables and a full vector of countryspecific characters. Database on nontariff measures, unctad ntm database, and the epii s tuv and baci databases. Indonesia, malaysia, the philippines, singapore, and thailand, signed the asean declaration. Asean member countries have resolved to work on the elimination of nontariff barriers. Conceptual framework trade barriers other than tariff are called non tariff barriers ntbs, and may include any means of impeding the access of foreign goods to domestic markets. The wto data portal contains statistical indicators related to wto issues. Aseaneast asia ntm database database and programmes. Authors calculation on the basis of wto itip database accessed on 7 april 2014.
A new database of nontariff measures as tariff levels have reached alltime lows in recent decades, nontariff measures ntms have taken a central role in the international trade agenda. Studies the nontariff measures affecting trade in goods among asean members in the nine priority goods sectors, namely fisheries, agrobased, woodbased, textiles and apparel, healthcare, rubberbased, automotive, electronics, and information and communication. Streamlining nontariff measures by allowing amss to discuss them before adoption. The effects of nontariff measures on prices, trade, and welfare. Full text of asean economic community blueprint see other formats the association of southeast asian nations asean was established on 8 august 1967. Brief description of the chapters in the classification of nontariff measures chapter a on sanitary and phytosanitary measures refers to measures affecting areas such as restriction for substances and measures for preventing dissemination of disease. Regulations are classified according to types of measures, affected products at the tariff line level and partner countries. Pdf regional comprehensive economic partnership rcep fta. This database of nontariff measures is now available at the asean website. While asean countries have slashed tariffs, nontariff measures have increased by nearly a third since 2010, suggesting protectionism by other means. Oct 27, 2011 though ntms are found to be diverse and intense for specific bilateral pairs, there is no empirical evidence of adverse impacts of ntms on intra asean exports. The successful work would not have been possible without the invaluable work of the asean national teams consisting of the following economists and government officials.
Asean integration report 2015 i contents abbreviations and acronyms v list of figures, tables and boxes xi foreword xv executive summary xvii chapter 1 aseans macroeconomic landscape in 2014 1 chapter 2 asean economic community 7 pillar 1. The member states of the association are brunei darussalam, cambodia, indonesia, lao pdr, malaysia, myanmar, philippines, singapore, thailand and viet nam. This is a tool to help businesses, especially micro, small and medium sized enterprises msmes to get the uptodate information on the preferential tariffs applied by asean member states under asean trade in goods agreement atiga or by asean member states and her. Nontariff barriers ntbs in asean and their elimination from a. The common effective preferential tariff cept scheme for the asean free trade area afta the governments of brunei darussalam, the republic of indonesia, malaysia, the republic of the philippines, the republic of singapore and the kingdom of thailand, member states of the association of south east asian nations asean. This agreement was subsequently updated on 31 january 2003. The framework agreement laid a sound basis for the establishment of an asean india free trade area fta, which includes fta in goods, services, and investment. The international classification of nontariff measures ntms.
The objective of this paper is to study the impact of nontariff barriers on the export growth and regional integration in asean. Form ai is a preferential certificate of origin that is accepted as evidence of origin by preferencegiving countries member countries of aifta to obtain preferential treatment. The asean member countries also signed an agreement on the common effective preferential tariff cept scheme on 28 january 1992 to eliminate tariffs and nontariff barriers in the region. Asean member countries have also resolved to work on the elimination of nontariff barriers. One conclusion from that first survey was that the survey effort should be treated as a continuous, rather than an. The objective of this paper is to study the impact of non tariff barriers on the export growth and regional integration in asean. The objective of the asean freetrade area is to reach free trade in products in the asean region to create a single market and production base for a deeper economic integration of the asean economies towards the asean economic community achievement by 2015 the agreement on common effective. Asean itself was created on 8 august 1967, when the foreign ministers of five countries. This is a tool to help businesses, especially micro, small and medium sized enterprises msmes to get the uptodate information on the preferential tariffs applied by asean member states under asean trade in goods agreement atiga or by. Market access otri measures, asean is considered slightly more open than the world average based on tariffs alone, but is less open when nontariff barriers ntbs are also considered dennis and zainal, 2003. Asean, nontariff measures ntms, nontariff barriers ntbs, sanitary and. Asean free trade area asean member countries have made significant progress in the lowering of intraregional tariffs through the common effective preferential tariff cept. Market access otri measures, asean is considered slightly more open than the world average based on tariffs alone, but is less open when non tariff barriers ntbs are also considered dennis and zainal, 2003.
Jul 28, 2016 lili yan ing, the asean non tariff measures ntms project leader, will share new data and report on non tariff measures in asean. In line with the asean trade in goods agreement atiga, the asean trade repository atr is intended to provide transparency on the trade and customs laws and procedures of all asean member states amss. Regional integration and nontariff measures in asean. In a nutshell, ntms are all types of trade regulations, other than tariffs, that directly or indirectly affect international trade.
The need to create a standardized, high quality, and comprehensive ntms dataset of the region called for close cooperation between the economic research. The asean free trade area afta came into force on 1 january 1993. Companies can contribute to this project by sharing information on how ntbs have affected them e. However, existing melitz extensions for cges seem to struggle with numerical stability problems limiting sectoral and regional detail. Free flow of goods 7 elimination of tariff barriers 7 rules of origin 11.
Trains contains hsbased data for over 1,000 countryyears, covering tariff and non tariff measures as well as imports flows by origin for more than 160 countries and the years since 1988. Through any of the four options above you obtain a summary table with measures by country and type of measure. An inventory of nontariff measures in the philippines ideasrepec. Asean was preceded by an organisation formed on 31 july 1961 called the association of southeast asia asa, a group consisting of thailand, the philippines, and the federation of malaya.
Addressing nontariff measures in asean united nations escap. A simple proposal lili yan ing, oliver cadot, muhammad rizqy anandhika and shujiro urata country report chapter 3 classification of nontariff measures in brunei darussalam 37 christina ruth elisabeth chapter 4 classification of nontariff measures in cambodia 51 chap sotharith, c. New database of asean nontariff measures 14 april 2016 following a joint project to collect, validate, and store data on nontariff measures ntms, unctad and the economic research institute for asean and east asia have launch a website that provides information on ntms for the ten asean countries. One conclusion from that first survey was that the survey effort should be treated as a continuous, rather than an adhoc oneoff activity. A work programme on the elimination of nontariff barriers, which includes, among others, the process of verification and crossnotification. The regional comprehensive economic partnership rcep is an aseanled proposal for a regional free trade area between 10 asean countries. Nontariff measures database for asean, east asia launched. Quantitative methods for assessing the effects of nontariff. The regional comprehensive economic partnership rcep is an aseanled proposal for a regional free trade area between 10 asean countries and aseans 6 other free trade agreement fta partners. The tariff finder is designed to support traders to maximize benefits from aseans free trade agreements ftas. In the area of merchandise trade, although tariffs have fallen worldwide, there has been no shortage of. The effects of nontariff measures on prices, trade, and. The 10 southeast asian countries have made huge strides by eliminating nearly all tariffs.
While tariffs have been reduced, the number of nontariff measures ntms is. The agreement on common effective preferential tariff scheme for the asean freetrade area needs that the tariff rates levied on a huge range of foreign trade of products within the asean region be reduced to 5%. This study introduces a new dataset of bilateral value added trade costs for the goods and services sectors, based on a measure derived from the microfounded gravity model and using data from the oecdwto tiva database. The ntm database is publicly available at and the national. This trend is also reflected in the updated nontariff measure ntm database of the economic research institute for asean and east asia eria and the united nations conference on trade and development unctad, where the number of ntms in the association of southeast asian nations asean has increased over time. While tariffs have been reduced, the number of nontariff measures ntms is increasing, and is often blamed as one source of the lack of integration in asean. In line with the asean trade in goods agreement atiga, the asean trade. Pdf regional comprehensive economic partnership rcep. The agrifood sector is essential for the asean economy as a driver of food security. Addressing nontariff measures for sustainable trade. Apr 04, 2016 the second phase of the itip project involves data analyses on how non tariff measures will affect trade in the asean region january 2017. Among other important documents, this site provides nontariff measures database.
The asean economic community was established in 2015 with the aim of creating a unified market and production base of more than 600 million people. Instead, the findings of the study based on an augmented gravity model suggest that ntms promote intraregional exports, irrespective of broad commodity types. World trade organization integrated trade intelligence. October 3, 2012 brunei darussalam cambodia indonesia lao pdr malaysia myanmar philippines singapore thailand viet nam. To measure ad valorem tariff equivalents aves of nontariff measures ntms, we propose a new alternative that relies on the estimation of bilateral trade flows on twoway panels at the hs 2digit level with importer, exporter, and product fixed effects and interaction terms between ntm variables and a full vector of countryspecific characters. Trains contains hsbased data for over 1,000 countryyears, covering tariff and nontariff measures as well as imports flows by origin for more than 160 countries and the years since 1988. Concurrently, a trade analysis and information system trains database was developed by unctad, which subsequently grew into the most complete collection of publicly available information on ntms. Quantitative methods for assessing the effects of non tariff measures and trade facilitation forthcoming with world scientific publishers draft introductory chapter philippa dee and michael ferrantino non tariff measures are pervasive. A simple proposal lili yan ing, oliver cadot, muhammad rizqy anandhika and shujiro urata country report chapter 3 classification of non tariff measures in brunei darussalam 37 christina ruth elisabeth chapter 4 classification of non tariff measures in cambodia 51 chap sotharith, c. Eria, in collaboration with the united nations conference on trade and development unctad, collected and classified nontariff measures ntms in the ten. This enables easy and wellstructured access to the information. Unlike tariffs which could be reduced to the zero level, it is hard to see a world without ntms as they can play a role of check and balance of a quality of goods. While tariffs have been reduced, the number of non tariff measures ntms is increasing, and is often blamed as one source of the lack of integration in asean. Most of the association of southeast asian nations asean region is a freetrade area.
Section 6 undertakes an applied general equilibrium analysis of an acu starting from the base scenario of a zerotariff on intraasean trade or implementation of the asean trade in goods agreement atiga. Nontariff measures database for asean, east asia launched home asean secretariat news nontariff measures database for asean, east asia launched bangkok, september 2019 the economic research institute for asean and east asia eria handedover the nontariff measures ntm database to asean on 10 september at the sidelines of the 51 st of asean economic ministers meeting and related meetings. Unctad integrated trade intelligence portal home page. For tariffs, trains contains not only general applied tariff data but also information on applied preferential tariff including the generalized system of.
A successor blueprint called the aec blueprint 2025, which lays out the work for asean economic integration in the next 10 years, was therefore adopted at its twentyseventh summit in november 2015. Cept means the common effective preferential tariff, and it is an agreed effective tariff, preferential to asean, to be applied to goods originating from asean member states, and which have been identified for inclusion in the cept scheme in accordance with articles 2 5 and 3. Since december 2014, eria and unctad have collaborated to create a comprehensive ntms database of all asean countries. The statement of the chair reflects the chairs assessment of the prevailing views of all apec member economies as expressed during discussions at the apec economic leaders meeting held in port moresby. Asean member countries have resolved to work on the elimination of non tariff barriers. The asean ntm data collection and analysis project the project is an ambitious yet fruitful team effort initiated by unctad and the economic and research institute for asean and east asia eria. The research fund for the nontariff measures in asean project provided by eria ra001001406 is gratefully acknowledged. The database presents official regulations that are currently imposed affecting imported and exported products. Modelling heterogeneous firms and nontariff measures in free trade agreements using computable general equilibrium. The economic research institute for asean and east asia eria and. The need to create a standardized, high quality, and comprehensive ntms dataset of the region called for close cooperation between the economic research institute for asean and east asia eria and unctad.
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